The 1800’s was a time of rapid research, experimentation and learning in the development of what we now today largely take for granted as being cement. It wasn’t always that easy though. The Victorian engineers had to be learn about the manufacture and use of this new material that was to totally change the construction world forever. These photos some some extremely hard cement from 1853, with a gritty sand that was probably dredged from a local beach.  It is very hard and has proved its durability.